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Abū Bakr Muhammad ibn al-Ḥasan ibn Duraid Azd al-Baṣrī ad-Dawsī Al-Zahrani (أبو بكر محمد بن الحسن بن دريد بن عتاهية الأزدي البصري الدوسي الزهراني), or Ibn Duraid (إبن دريد) (c. 837-933 CE), a leading grammarian of Baṣrah, was described as "the most accomplished scholar, ablest philologist and first poet of the age", Wafayat al-Ayan (The Obituaries of Eminent Men) by Ibn Khallikan was from Basra in the Abbasid era.Robert Gleave, Islam and Literalism: Literal Meaning and Interpretation in Islamic Legal Theory, pg. 126. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2012. Abit Yaşar Koçak, Handbook of Arabic Dictionaries, pg. 23. Berlin: Verlag Hans Schiler, 2002. Ibn Duraid is best known today as the lexicographer of the influential dictionary, the Jamharat al-Lugha (جمهرة اللغة). The fame of this comprehensive dictionary of the Arabic languageIntroduction to Early Medieval Arabic: Studies on Al-Khalīl Ibn Ahmad, pg. xii. Ed. Karin C. Ryding. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 1998. is second only to its predecessor, the Kitab al-'Ayn of al-Farahidi.John A. Haywood, "Arabic Lexicography." Taken from Dictionaries: An International Encyclopedia of Lexicography, pg. 2,441. Ed. Franz Josef Hausmann. Volume 5 of Handbooks of Linguistics & Communication Science, #5/3. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1991. A. Cilardo, "Preliminary Notes on the Meaning of the Qur'anic Term Kalala." Taken from Law, Christianity and Modernism in Islamic Society: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Congress of the Union Européenne Des Arabisants Et Islamisants Held at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, pg. 3. Peeters Publishers, 1998.
Ibn Duraid died in August of 933, on a Wednesday,Fedwa Malti-Douglas, Power, marginality, and the body in medieval Islam, pg. 416. Volume 723 of Collected studies. Farnham: Ashgate Publishing, 2001. Gregor Schoeler, The Oral and the Written in Early Islam, pg. 154. Trsn. Uwe Vagelpohl, ed. James E Montgomery. Routledge Studies in Middle Eastern Literatures. London: Routledge, 2006. Shawkat M. Toorawa, Ibn Abi Tahir Tayfur and Arabic Writerly Culture: A Ninth Century Bookman in Baghdad. Routledge Studies in Middle Eastern Literatures. Routledge eBook; published 2005, digitized 2012. He was buried on the east bank of the Tigris River in the Abbasiya cemetery, and his tomb was next to the old arms bazaar near the As-Shārī 'l Aazam. The celebrated muʿtazilite philosopher cleric Hāshim Abd as-Salām al-Jubbāi died the same day. Some of Baghdad cried "Philology and theology have died on this day!"
Works
He is said to have written over fifty books of language and literature. As a poet his versatility and range was proverbial and his output too prodigious to count. His collection of forty stories were much cited and quoted by later authors, though only fragments survive.Alexander E. Elinson, Looking Back at Al-Andalus: The Poetics of Loss and Nostalgia in Medieval Arabic and Hebrew Literature, pg. 53. Volume 34 of Brill studies in Middle Eastern literatures. Ledien: Brill Publishers, 2009. Perhaps drawing on his ancestry, his poetry contains some distinctly Omani themes.
Kitāb al-Maqṣūrah
Kitāb al-Ishtiqāq
Jamhara fi 'l-Lughat
Other Titles
Commentaries on his work
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Citations
Categories: 830s Births, 933 Deaths, Year Of Birth Uncertain, 9th-century Arab People, 10th-century Arab People, 9th-century People From The Abbasid Caliphate, 9th-century Lexicographers, 10th-century People From The Abbasid Caliphate, 9th-century Arabic-language Poets, 10th-century Arabic-language Poets, Scholars From The Abbasid Caliphate, Arab Biographers, Arab Grammarians, Arab Linguists, Azd, Muslim Chroniclers, Grammarians Of Basra, Hadith Scholars, Historical Linguists, Iraqi Genealogists, Iraqi Lexicographers, Lexicographers Of Arabic, Poets From The Abbasid Caliphate, Quranic Exegesis Scholars
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